| 肖卫华,戴蕾.论疫情防控中个人信息保护——以CoviD-19突发公共卫生事件应急为视角[J].,2020,(1):36-40 |
| 论疫情防控中个人信息保护——以CoviD-19突发公共卫生事件应急为视角 |
| Personal Information Protection in Epidemic Prevention and Control |
| 投稿时间：2020-02-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 突发公共卫生事件 疫情防控 个人信息 |
| English Keywords:public health emergencies epidemic prevention and control personal information |
| Fund Project: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| CoviD-19疫情引发的特别重大突发公共卫生事件中,个人信息在有效预防和及时防控疫情中发挥了非常重大的作用,但是也出现了一些个人信息泄露和侵权的问题。因此,需要平衡个人信息收集处理与个人信息保护。第一,在疫情防控中个人信息收集,应当明确与个人数据的不同,不能简单用保护网络数据规则保护个人信息；与《民法总则》私法规范基于知情合意收集个人信息不同,无需个人同意,且个人必须如实提供个人信息。同时,个人信息收集主体对涉及个人隐私等敏感信息得保密或去敏化处理。第二,在疫情防控中个人信息处理,遵从统一领导原则和奉行属地原则,以维护公共健康利益为目的对个人信息进行处理利用,分离敏感信息,由专门职能部门对个人信息使用及时公布；严格遵守最小比例原则,将使用范围控制在使用目的所必需的范围内。第三,《传染病防治法》《突发事件应对法》《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》等法律法规对疫情防控中个人信息收集处理规定的内容过于抽象、操作性差,《网络安全法》不能代替个人信息保护的立法,需要制定统一的《个人信息保护法》,根据公开透明原则、比例原则、个人信息安全管理原则、以私权为中心兼顾公共利益原则,建立完善个人信息保护法律制度。 |
| English Summary: |
| In a particularly major public health emergency triggered by the CoviD-19 outbreak, Personal information plays a very important role in the effective prevention and control of epidemics in a timely manner, but there are also some problems of personal information leakage and infringement. Therefore, it is necessary to balance personal information collection and processing with personal information protection. First, in the process of epidemic prevention and control, personal information collection should be clearly different from personal data, and cannot be protected simply by the rules of protecting network data; different from the private law norms of general principles of civil law, personal information collection based on informed consent does not need personal consent, and individuals must provide personal information truthfully. At the same time, the subject of personal information collection has to keep confidential or desensitize sensitive information related to personal privacy. Second, in the process of epidemic prevention and control, personal information processing should follow the principle of unified leadership and territorial principle, and use personal information for the purpose of maintaining public health interest. Sensitive information should be separated, and the use of personal information should be published by special functional departments in a timely manner. The principle of minimum proportion should be strictly followed, and the use scope should be controlled within the scope necessary for the use purpose. Third, laws and regulations such as Infectious Diseases Prevention Law、Emergency Response Law、Regulations on Emergency Response to Public Health Emergencies have too abstract and poor operability for the collection and processing of personal information in epidemic prevention and control. Network Security Law cannot replace the legislation on personal information protection, so a unified law on personal information protection needs to be formulated according to the principle and proportion of openness and transparency principles, personal information security management principles, the principle of taking private rights as the center and considering public interests, and establish and improve the legal system of personal information protection. |
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