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陈宇翔,周天豪,张豪杰,李珂淼,吴同,谭劲龙,邓钦文,杨帆.含铀凋落物腐解前后微生物群落结构特征及多样性分析[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2023,(2):18~25.[CHEN Yuxiang,ZHOU Tianhao,ZHANG Haojie,LI Kemiao,WU Tong,TAN Jinlong,DENG Qinwen,YANG Fan.Analysis of Structural Characteristics and Diversity of Microbial Communities Before and After Decomposition of Uranium-Containing Litter[J].Journal of University of South China(Science and Technology),2023,(2):18~25.]

含铀凋落物腐解前后微生物群落结构特征及多样性分析

Analysis of Structural Characteristics and Diversity of Microbial Communities Before and After Decomposition of Uranium-Containing Litter

投稿时间：2022-11-30

DOI：10.19431/j.cnki.1673-0062.2023.02.003

中文关键词: 铀凋落物腐解高通量测序微生物群落结构

英文关键词:uranium plant residues decay high-throughput sequencing microbial community structure

基金项目:湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JJ2330);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(16B223)

作者	单位	E-mail
陈宇翔	南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001	1045791195@qq.com
周天豪	南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001
张豪杰	南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001
李珂淼	南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001
吴同	南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001
谭劲龙	南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001
邓钦文	南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学衡阳市土壤污染控制与修复重点实验室,湖南衡阳 421001 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001
杨帆	衡阳市生态环境局衡南分局,湖南衡阳 421001

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中文摘要:

采集含铀凋落物腐解前后土壤样本,通过Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术研究腐解前后土壤微生物的多样性及群落结构,解析含铀凋落物腐解前后土壤微生物群落结构特征及其变化规律,为发掘潜在含铀生物质降解菌种提供理论基础。通过高通量测序,分别获得158 781条细菌和242 198条真菌的有效序列,菌群Alpha分析显示,腐解后细菌的多样性和丰富度增加,真菌的多样性和丰富度减少。通过微生物群落结构解析,发现腐解前后门水平上始终存在的优势菌群,细菌中为绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);真菌中为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、unclassified_Fungi和被孢囊门(Mortierellomycota)。结果表明,含铀凋落物腐解后,凋落物内的铀被释放到土壤中,改变了土壤微生物群落结构。腐解后土壤中可识别的优势菌群功能主要集中在对纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的降解和铀的浸出。热酸菌属(Acidothermus)和软盘菌属(Mollisia)可能是降解凋落物和浸出铀较好的微生物组合。

英文摘要:

Soil samples were collected before and after decomposition of uranium-containing apoplast, and the diversity and community structure of soil microorganisms before and after decomposition were studied by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the structural characteristics of soil microbial communities before and after decomposition of uranium-containing apoplast and their change patterns, and to provide a theoretical basis for the discovery of potential uranium-containing biomass degrading species. High-throughput sequencing was performed to obtain 158 781 bacterial and 242 198 fungal sequences. Alpha analysis of the bacterial community showed that the diversity and abundance of bacteria increased and that of fungi decreased after decomposition. Microbial community structure analysis revealed that the dominant groups consistently present at the phylum level before and after decay were Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria in bacteria, and Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, unclassified_Fungi, and Mortierellomycota in fungi. The results showed that with the decomposition of uranium-containing apoplast, uranium within the apoplast was released into the soil and changed the soil microbial community structure. The functions of the dominant group of identifiable bacteria in the soil after decomposition were mainly focused on the degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and leaching of uranium. Acidothermus spp. and Mollisia spp. may be the better microbial assemblages for degradation of litter matter and leaching of uranium.

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