| 侯彬兰，车 玲，陈 磊，马玉杰，金 华，古桂雄，王 冰.482名正常婴幼儿认知发育的因素分析.[J].中南医学科学杂志.,2015,43(4):397-400. |
| 482名正常婴幼儿认知发育的因素分析 |
| The Influencing Factors of Cognitive Development in 482 Normal Infants |
| 投稿时间：2014-05-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 认知发育 影响因素 婴幼儿 |
| 英文关键词:cognitive development influencing factors infants |
| 基金项目:深圳市盐田区科技局课题资助（项目编号2013004）. |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨正常婴幼儿认知发育的有关影响因素。 方法 随机选择482名正常分娩和体格生长在正常范围的婴幼儿，年龄为1月至3岁半，其中男、女婴各为241人，采用问卷形式，调查认知发育相关因素，同时测试婴幼儿的认知发育商。 结果 482名婴幼儿的认知发育商，男婴认知商为100.75±7.308，女婴为101.79±7.510，未见性别差异（t1.540，P0.124）。儿童体格生长的Kaup指数，及母亲生育年龄、分娩方式、母亲文化程度与婴幼儿的认知发育商均无显著差异（P均＞0.05）。而家庭子女人数为1组的婴幼儿，其认知发育商高于家庭多子女组（P＜0.05）；父亲文化程度为中小学组的婴幼儿，其认知发育商均低于大学文化组的婴幼儿（P均＜0.05）；在父母不同职业组中的婴幼儿，其认知发育商均有显著性的差异（P均＜0.01），经两两比较，专业技术人员组的婴幼儿，其认知发育商均显著高于办事人员组和其他服务人员组。经多元线性逐步回归分析（α0.05）表明，影响婴幼儿认知发育的主要因素分别为母亲职业和父亲职业。 结论 在年龄为1月至3岁半的儿童认知水平发育中，父母的文化水平和专业技术能力有很好的促进作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the influencing factors of normal infant cognitive development. Methods 482 infants were randomly selected,aged from one month to 42 months,the number of girls or boys is 241,respectively.All infants had normal delivery and physical development.Cognitive tests were performed in all infants and the related factors were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire. Results In cognitive developmental quotient,there were no significant difference between girl group and boy group （t1.540，P0.124）,and the mean±SD in the girl group and boy group is 101.79±7.510 and 100.75±7.308，respectively.The difference of cognitive developmental quotient was not found among the different groups of Kaup index,maternal age at childbirth,delivery mode and mother education（P＞0.05）.The scores of the infants in the one –child family group were significantly higher than that in the double-children family group（P＜0.05）.The scores of the infants in higher education group （father） were significantly higher than that in primary and secondary group（P＜0.05）.There was significant difference among the occupation（mother and father） groups（P＜0.01）.The infants in specialty technical staff group （mother and father） scored significantly higher than that in the officer group and other service group.Of the influencing factors,the stepwise multiple linear regression showed that parental occupation had the most important effect on children's cognitive development. Conclusion The parents with higher education level and professional technical ability are more beneficial for the cognitive development in normal children,aged from one month to 42 months. |
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