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| 侵占不法原因给付物的认定困境与规范路径 |
| The Dilemma and Normative Path for the Determination of Unlawful Reasons for Misappropriation |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-29 修订日期：2024-01-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 侵占罪 不法原因给付 规范保护目的 法益 民刑衔接 |
| English Keywords:Crime of Embezzlement Payment of Unlawful Cause Specification Protection Purpose Legal Interest Blurring Line of Criminal Law and Civil Law |
| Fund Project: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 不法原因给付所致的民事保护限缩效果具有不法给付行为和主体的规范侧重,投射于刑事可罚性层面,对不法原因仅在受领人单方及受领人不法程度更重时,不能对侵占行为予以绝对限缩甚至湮没。前置民事规范对越轨行为与不法状态的矫正主要通过干预理性经济人间的财产关系予以实现,而后置刑事规范,其所聚焦的主要关系不再为私人主体间利益冲突与衡平,而系国家作为公权力主体与越轨行为人间的公私二元对立,转向对挑战法秩序的越轨行为予以更强制化规制与预防的新维度。民刑规范在以宪法为基石的法秩序体系中虽具适用顺序位阶、规制目的侧重等层面的不同导向,但其适用均以消灭并矫正与法秩序相冲突的不法行为及状态、维护巩固法秩序的稳定状态为共同指涉与依归。民事前置法对不法给付人与不法给付行为单方侧重性规制与预防,不能实质性矫正不法受领后逾越法秩序的不法状态,其规范目的的侧重所显现的局限性需通过后置刑事规范的调整予以补足。 |
| English Summary: |
| Payment of unlawful cause is a civil system based on the principle of equity that legally excludes the space for the application of the right to restitution. The characterization of the unlawful payment not only involves the consolidation of the legitimacy of the application of civil law pre-norms, but also affects the timing and boundaries of criminal law intervention, which has a typified reference value for the solution of property-related civil-criminal intersecting issues. The limitation of the effect of civil protection caused by the payment of unlawful reasons has the normative focus of the unlawful payment act and the subject, which is projected on the level of criminal punishability, and the illegal cause cannot be absolutely limited or even annihilated when the recipient unilaterally and the degree of wrongfulness of the recipient is more serious. In the dimension of pre-law, by determining the legitimacy of the purpose of the behavior norms of the unlawful payment system, the determination of pre-existing civil violations is clarified, and the connection between civil and criminal punishment on the basis of the unity of substantive legal order is promoted. In the criminal entity dimension, clarify the purpose of normative protection of embezzlement crime, the draft civil norms of payment for illegal reasons cannot deny the existence of entrusting relationship in the dimension of existence, strengthen the normative protection of criminal property in the appearance of ownership, and avoid improperly limiting the scope of the interests of embezzlement crime protection law. |
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