| 石文静.论核安全风险治理的法律路径[J].,2020,(5):10-18 |
| 论核安全风险治理的法律路径 |
| Research on the Legal Path of Nuclear Security Risk Management |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 核安全 风险治理 有效沟通 多重监管 严格责任 |
| English Keywords:nuclear safety risk management effective communication multiple oversight strict liability ( |
| Fund Project: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为确保核安全,预防核事故,我国应确立“敞开沟通—多重监管—严格责任”三位一体的核安全风险治理的法律路径。一是要敞开沟通渠道。细化核安全信息公开透明原则,实现实时、全面的信息公开；核电企业之间加强合作与经验交流,政府、企业与民众之间敞开沟通。二是要加强多重监管。企业内部实现实时监管、灵活监管；核安全局等监督管理部门做到全方位监管；在全国人大常委会下设核安全监管专门委员会,推进立法与监管；健全舆论监督机制。三是要建立严格周密的刑事、行政、民事责任体系。在刑事责任方面加大惩罚力度,发挥刑事责任的预防效用；在行政责任方面要贯彻责任倒查与终身追究；在民事损害赔偿部分坚持核设施营运单位的经济管道责任模式,同时扩张追偿权的效力范围,确立完善的保险分担机制。 |
| English Summary: |
| In order to ensure nuclear safety and prevent nuclear accidents, China should establish the legal path of “open communication - multiple supervision - strict responsibility” in nuclear security risk governance. First, strictly implement the principle of nuclear information disclosure and transparency, and realize real-time and all-round information disclosure mode; Nuclear power enterprises should strengthen cooperation and experience sharing, and the government, enterprises and the public should keep open communication. Second, strengthen multiple supervision; Realize real-time supervision and flexible supervision within enterprises; The Nuclear Safety Administration and other supervisory and regulatory authorities should exercise all-round supervision and control; A special committee on Nuclear Safety Supervision should be set up under the NPC Standing Committee to promote legislation and supervision; And improve the supervision mechanism by public opinion. Third, establish a strict and thorough criminal, administrative and civil liability system, improve the degree of accountability for criminal responsibility, increase the intensity of punishment; Carry out backtracking and lifelong investigation on administrative responsibility; The Economic channeling liability model of nuclear facility operators should be adhered to in the civil damage compensation, while the recoverable situation should be increased and a sound insurance sharing mechanism should be established. |
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