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| 作为“必要恶”的核威慑及其条件限定 |
| Nuclear Deterrence as Necessary Evil and its Restrictions |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-10 修订日期：2024-10-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 核威慑 纯粹恶 较小恶 必要恶 |
| English Keywords:nuclear deterrence pure evil lesser evil necessary evil |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 从行为的角度来看,恶可分为“纯粹恶”“较小恶”“必要恶”,其中“较小恶”“必要恶”需要借助善与正当概念及其关系来阐析。核威慑是当代国际社会非常特殊的行为现象,它背后隐藏着复杂的伦理价值观冲突。从人类普遍需要来看,核威慑行为方式本身是一种恶。根据道德直觉与历史经验,核威慑并不一定是“纯粹恶”。核威慑也不必然是“较小恶”与“必要恶”,它们需要符合一定的道德条件。符合“人的安全”责任、“正义防御”权利与“避免灾难”原则条件的核威慑才是“必要恶”。在当前人类无法彻底消除核武器的历史阶段,拥核国应将核威慑限制为具有正当与善价值的“必要恶”。 |
| English Summary: |
| From the perspective of action, evil can be divided into "pure evil", "lesser evil" and "necessary evil". "Lesser evil" and "necessary evil" need to be expounded and analyzed with the good and right,and the relation between good and evil.Nuclear deterrence is a very special phenomenon in the contemporary international society,which hides the conflict of ethical values.Nuclear deterrence in itself is an evil in terms of the universal need of human beings.Nuclear detererence is not necessarily "pure evil" according to moral intuition and experience.Nuclear deterrence is not always "lesser evil" or "necessary evil",it needs to conform to certain moral conditions.Nuclear deterrence is "necessary evil",only of it is out of the responsibility to protect "human security", with the right of "just defense", and in conformity with the principle of “disaster avoidance”.At the present situation,when humankind is unable to completely eliminate nuclear weapons, the possessive nuclear power should limit nuclear deterrence to "necessary evil" with just and good values. |
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