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| 文物保护民事公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿制度研究 |
| Research on Punitive Damages System in Civil Public Interest Litigation of Cultural Relics Protection |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-25 修订日期：2024-06-04 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 惩罚性赔偿制度 民事公益诉讼 文物保护 公共利益 |
| English Keywords:Punitive damages system Civil public interest litigation Cultural relics protection Public interest |
| Fund Project: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视关注民事公益诉讼对文物的保护、传承、利用。司法实践表明,民事公益诉讼中适用填补式损害赔偿的通行做法难以有效遏制案件再次发生,故而,将有益于加大保护力度、健全法律制度建设、营造全民守护社会氛围的惩罚性赔偿制度引入文物保护民事公益诉讼极具现实意义。鉴于两大制度之目的相同、属性契合,又存在着诸多理论成果和实践经验,文物保护民事公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿的建构切实可行。在具体制度设计上,建议赋予原告以请求权资格、厘清惩罚性赔偿在适用情形、启动、材料层面的规则、以浮动原则认定赔偿金数额、成立专门基金会来界分赔偿金之归属和管理,同时允许赔偿金同刑事罚金、行政罚款之间相互抵扣,从而助推惩罚性赔偿在民事公益诉讼中的科学适用。 |
| English Summary: |
| Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of china, it has paid close attention to the protection, inheritance and utilization of cultural relics in civil public interest litigation with comrades as the core Judicial practice shows that it is difficult to effectively curb the recurrence of cases by applying the common practice of filling damages in civil public interest litigation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to introduce punitive damages system which is beneficial to strengthen protection, improve legal system and build a social atmosphere for the whole people to protect cultural relics into civil public interest litigation In view of the fact that the two systems have the same purpose and the same attributes, there are many theoretical achievements and practices, and the construction of punitive damages in civil public interest litigation of cultural relics protection is feasible In the specific system design, it is suggested to endow the plaintiff with the right to claim, clarify the rules of punitive damages in the applicable situation, start the material level, determine the amount of compensation according to the floating principle, set up a special foundation to demarcate the ownership and management of compensation, and allow compensation to be deducted from criminal fines and administrative fines, so as to promote the scientific application of punitive damages in civil public interest litigation |
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